Research History 1962-66  Graduate student, Columbia University. Worked on quantum many body theory and transport properties of metals. Title of Ph.D. Thesis "Transport Properties of Metals in a Pseudopotential Model". Thesis supervisor:- Professor J M Luttinger. 1968-70 Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla with Professor H Suhl. Worked on a number of problems in many body physics, e.g. self-consistent spin fluctuation theory for localized magnetic moments, Kondo effect, path integral theory of dilute magnetic alloys, time dependent local perturbations in metals, nonadiabatic response in metals, excitonic effects in dielectric properties of semiconductors. 1970-78 Assistant Professor, and later Professor, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. Developed several aspects of the microscopic theory of spin fluctuation effects in itinerant fermion systems (ferromagnetic and nearly ferromagnetic), e.g. spin susceptibility, specific heat, magnetization. Developed (with M Yussouff) the density wave theory of freezing. Started work on mixed valence in rare earths.               1978-81 Visiting Fellow, Princeton University, and Consultant, Bell Laboratories. Proposed (along with E Abrahams, P W Anderson, and D C Licciardello) the scaling theory of localization, and the (diagrammatic) many body perturbation theory of quantum interference as the mechanism of weak or incipient localization. Helped establish the reality of this and other novel interference/quantum effects in disordered, interacting electronic systems through predictions, analysis of existing data, suggestion of new experiments etc.. Developed the inverse orbital degeneracy expansion idea for a mixed valent impurity, and some of its consequences.                1982-2003 Indian Institute of Science,Bangalore. Developed the density functional theory for classical systems through a variety of novel applications, with colleagues and students. Worked on a number of problems connected with electron localization, metal-insulator as well as superconductor-- insulator transitions, strongly correlated electronic systems (eg. heavy fermions, oxides and cuprate superconductors) and the mixed phase of high Tc  superconductors (eg. flux lattice melting, vortex dynamics and quasiparticle transport). Proposed (along with H R Krishnamurthy, G V Pai and S R Hassan) a new two fluid microscopic theory for colossal magnetoresistance manganites. Started work in biophysics. Helped set up a major group in condensed matter physics at IISc, Bangalore, distinguished by exceptional strength and depth in theory, several high quality areas of experimental activity and close interaction between the two (all perhaps unique in India).   2003- present Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi. Developed further our approach to the physics of managnites, eg  problems such as orbital/charge order and two fluid electronic inhomogeneities. Some of the new directions are: physics with long orbital order, long range coulomb interactions and nanoscale inhomogeneities, short range orbital correlations, Hall transport, polaron band effects, spin excitation anomalies, thermopower. Continued work on the nature and consequences of fluctuations in cellular processes eg protein production;  started on phenomena in chromatin and DNA. In the areas of high temperature superconductivity and heavy fermion/Kondo systems, new approaches are being explored.